Key Switch Locks 101 – Position, Key-pull, keyway and switch function explained

Elevator control and fire-service key switches use several critical terms that control both functionality and compliance. Whether you're selecting a key switch for elevator Phase 1 or 2 operations or configuring floor access, you need to understand position, key pull, and keyway. Let’s walk through what they mean, why they matter, and how they apply in key switch lock selection.

What Is a Key Switch Lock?

A key switch lock is a key-operated electrical switch used for controlled access in applications like elevator control panels and fire-service override. These switches often use code required or manufacturer-specific keys to prevent unauthorized access

Positions: How Key Rotation Defines Functionality

The position of a key switch refers to the angular location of the key. Many elevator locks are rated at specific clock positions—for example:

• 2-position locks (e.g. at 12:00 and 3:00): This generally means that you put the key in and then rotate the lock 90 degrees clockwise.
• 3-position Phase 2 fire-service switches include multiple indexes (e.g. 10:30, 12:00, 1:30) to set Firefighter service "off", "on", or "hold" modes

These positions are usually indexed in either 45 degree (12-1:30) or 90 degree (12-3) increments and are critical for wiring and operational logic in elevator control systems

Key Pull: When the Key Can Be Removed

Key pull defines in which position(s) the key can be taken out of the switch. Generally, locks can have between 1 keypull and 8 keypulls depending on the key being used. Because of technical issues some keys are limited to the number of keypulls that are available in a lock.  For example, keys for SFIC locks can only be removed at 12 o’clock.  Illinois 210 or 220 keyway locks can only be removed in 90 degree increments.  Illinois 115 or 110 keyways and many single bitted keys can be removed in 45 degree increments.  Common configurations include:

·         One key-pull: the key can be removed in only one position (usually the 12 o’clock position).

·         Two key-pulls: the key is removable in two positions—typically at 12:00 and another (e.g. 1:30, 3:00 or 6:00)

·         Eight key-pulls: the key is removable every 45 degrees around the lock.  This is usually the maximum number of keypulls that you can get in a lock.

For instance, one product features a 2-key-pull lock allowing removal at both 12:00 and 3:00 (0° and 90°). Another Fire Service Phase 2 lock supports removal at 10:30 and 12:00 but not at 1:30 even though the key will rotate to all of those positions.

Keyway: The Physical Key Interface

The keyway is the specific profile or shape of the lock cylinder into which the key fits. It determines which key blanks are compatible and plays a crucial role in security control. 

In the elevator world, there are multiple keyways that are used.  Some examples include tubular keyways, yale para keyway, various Medeco keyways and Illinois Lock 110, 115, 210, 360 and 220 keyways. 

Keyway selection impacts who can source replacement keys and how locks can be keyed-alike or part of a master system.

Switch Diagram / Function: Understanding Electrical Contacts

Key switches don't just turn physically—they control electrical circuits. The switch diagram (often engraved or labeled on the switch housing or shown in spec sheets) shows how internal contacts open or close as the key is rotated. Here's what you need to know:

Common Terms in Switch Functions

To perfectly replace a key switch lock. You will need to know the part number or match the wiring diagram.